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tutorials:tops20-interactive [2011/04/30 15:08] – clemens | tutorials:tops20-interactive [2012/05/01 20:06] (current) – Does not apply to SDF-EU. ivan | ||
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| | ^C | Exit program (may need 2 or more) | | | | ^C | Exit program (may need 2 or more) | | ||
- | ===== TOPS20 Tutorial Log ===== | + | Does not apply to SDF-EU. |
- | < | + | $Id: tops20-interactive.html, |
- | @tops20 | + | |
- | Following is a brief explanation of some conventions | ||
- | Learning and remembering them will be a great help when exploring the | ||
- | facilities on this system. | ||
- | you should | ||
- | notes. | ||
- | |||
- | The first things you should learn are the control characters ^S and | ||
- | ^Q. A " | ||
- | HOLDING DOWN the control key (marked " | ||
- | in print by putting ^ before the letter. | ||
- | while holding down the CTRL key. (S need not be typed in upper case.) | ||
- | |||
- | ^S and ^Q are used to stop and start output (typing) to the terminal. | ||
- | This is useful | ||
- | want to look at have a habit of going off the top of the screen | ||
- | before you can read it. | ||
- | |||
- | ^S - stop output temporarily | ||
- | ^Q - continue stopped output | ||
- | |||
- | A ^S typed by you will be simulated now. (Type ^Q to continue.) | ||
- | |||
- | Very good! It is also possible (but we won' | ||
- | have the line set up so that it automatically pauses at the end of an | ||
- | uninterrupted page of output. | ||
- | often throughout this lesson. | ||
- | wouldn' | ||
- | ^Q.) | ||
- | |||
- | The next concept you should learn is that of ESCAPE and "?" | ||
- | commands are given with words. | ||
- | command. | ||
- | abbreviation, | ||
- | " | ||
- | word. This is called recognition. | ||
- | |||
- | ESC - complete an abbreviated command | ||
- | |||
- | Here is an example | ||
- | |||
- | TOPS20& | ||
- | |||
- | Good. See how the system completed | ||
- | another advantage | ||
- | When you type ESCAPE | ||
- | supply a hint as to what it wants to see next. These hints, | ||
- | are always typed in parentheses, | ||
- | ESCAPE again and see how it works: | ||
- | |||
- | TOPS20& | ||
- | |||
- | Alright! | ||
- | words are also sometimes | ||
- | hint as to what should come next, as | ||
- | |||
- | TYPE (FILES) | ||
- | LOGIN (USER) | ||
- | |||
- | Sometimes, though, this doesn' | ||
- | the case, you can find out what is expected of you next by typing | ||
- | question mark. | ||
- | |||
- | ? - show what is expected here | ||
- | |||
- | Ok, now try out using a question mark ("?" | ||
- | do anything when you're done, type a carriage return.) | ||
- | |||
- | How do you spell 3? ? one of the following: | ||
- | | ||
- | How do you spell 3? three | ||
- | |||
- | Ok, next we'll work on changing what you've typed in. First of all, | ||
- | sometimes, the line you are entering gets broken or messed up in some | ||
- | other way. If you type a ^R, the system will retype the prompt | ||
- | any input you have typed. | ||
- | |||
- | ^R - retype the current line | ||
- | |||
- | Here a broken line will be demonstrated. | ||
- | redisplayed. | ||
- | |||
- | TOPS20& | ||
- | SANTA.CLAUS, | ||
- | Have you been good? | ||
- | TOPS20& | ||
- | There - you see how the line got retyped | ||
- | Sometimes, something you typed was not what you meant. | ||
- | special characters which you can use to edit what you have typed | ||
- | already. | ||
- | either " | ||
- | character typed. | ||
- | |||
- | DEL - erase the previous character | ||
- | |||
- | Use a DELETE to correct the following error: | ||
- | |||
- | TOPS20& | ||
- | |||
- | Hey, you're moving right along now. The next line editing | ||
- | to learn is ^W. Sometimes your mistake doesn' | ||
- | couple of letters. | ||
- | aren't convenient when you have to delete so many letters. | ||
- | delete characters a word at a time. | ||
- | |||
- | ^W - erase the previous word | ||
- | |||
- | Use one or more ^W (along with some other features you've learned) to | ||
- | correct the following error: | ||
- | |||
- | TOPS20& | ||
- | |||
- | That's it! Almost done with the editing control characters... | ||
- | last of these is ^U. If, somehow, | ||
- | all what you were intending to type, ^U will erase the entire line of | ||
- | input. | ||
- | |||
- | ^U - erase the entire line | ||
- | |||
- | Use ^U (and some other features | ||
- | following error (we're getting tricky now): | ||
- | |||
- | TOPS20& | ||
- | |||
- | Wonderful! | ||
- | Tops-20. | ||
- | lot of typing is coming out on your terminal which you don't want to | ||
- | see, but you don't want to interrupt the program which is doing the | ||
- | output (we'll get to how to do that in a minute), you should type a | ||
- | ^O. The first time you type ^O, it redirects | ||
- | terminal off into nowhere (sort of sends it to the " | ||
- | The next time you type ^O, output is directed back to your terminal | ||
- | again. | ||
- | |||
- | ^O - toggles output suppression | ||
- | |||
- | For practice with ^O, I' | ||
- | terminal. | ||
- | |||
- | Type carriage return when you're ready. | ||
- | This is trip number 1 thru the loop. | ||
- | This is trip number 2 thru the loop. | ||
- | This is trip number 3 thru the loop. | ||
- | This is trip number 4 thru the loop. | ||
- | This is trip number 5 thru the loop. | ||
- | [...] | ||
- | This is trip number 46 thru the loop. | ||
- | This is trip number 47 thru the loop. | ||
- | This is trip number 48 thru the loop. | ||
- | | ||
- | he loop. | ||
- | This is trip number 53 thru the loop. | ||
- | This is trip number 54 thru the loop. | ||
- | [...] | ||
- | This is trip number 98 thru the loop. | ||
- | This is trip number 99 thru the loop. | ||
- | This is trip number 100 thru the loop. | ||
- | |||
- | So there' | ||
- | |||
- | Would you like to try it again? no | ||
- | |||
- | Ok, one last thing which you'll find useful before the final lesson. | ||
- | That's ^T. ^T tells you information about what you are currently | ||
- | doing. | ||
- | |||
- | 17:03:57 TOPS20 IO wait at 2332 Used 0:34:41.4 in 10:05:05, Load | ||
- | 3.58 | ||
- | |||
- | In the above example, " | ||
- | you are running. | ||
- | this case, it's waiting for some input or output to complete - maybe | ||
- | waiting for the user to type something.) | ||
- | is the address | ||
- | following " | ||
- | spent running, and the one after " | ||
- | on. The number following | ||
- | trying to use the machine "right now." | ||
- | |||
- | Try typing a ^T... | ||
- | |||
- | | ||
- | 0.03 | ||
- | |||
- | Well, would you believe | ||
- | lesson? | ||
- | is about ^C. Typing ^C's is how you get out of almost any program on | ||
- | Tops-20. | ||
- | it. If not, probably | ||
- | are needed. | ||
- | |||
- | ^C - exits (immediately) from the program | ||
- | |||
- | Oh, yes... | ||
- | again sometime, it's TOPS20: | ||
- | |||
- | Ok - Now for the last bit of practice - ^C out of this program. | ||
- | ^C | ||
- | |||
- | To summarize: | ||
- | |||
- | ^C - Cease program immediately | ||
- | ^O - Output suppress | ||
- | ^Q - Qontinue output | ||
- | ^R - Redisplay line | ||
- | ^S - Stop output | ||
- | ^T - Tells what's happening | ||
- | ^U - Undoes line being typed in | ||
- | ^W - Word deletion | ||
- | ? - what?s expected here | ||
- | DEL - DELetes one character | ||
- | ESC - rESCognitiion invoked | ||
- | |||
- | Ok, good luck... | ||
- | @ | ||
- | </ |